If you have been using Aperture for a long period you will now how easy it is to accidentally import images more than once, especially when bringing in badly-organised older images.
Other Tasks>Find Duplicate Masters... will look through the entire Aperture database attempting to find duplicate Masters.*
There are two options when running the search:
After using Aperture Assistant to tag the Versions, you will need to search at the top level of the Library for all images with something in the 'ApAssist Duplicate' tag.
*In Aperture 1.5.6 it will look for the checksum that Aperture stores for each Master. In Aperture 2.0 and above the original file size is used instead, occasionally leading to false positives.